![]() ![]() Recurrent depressive episode may be subdivided, as below, by specifying first the type of the current episode and then (if sufficient information is available) the type that predominates in all the episodes. If a manic episode does occur, the diagnosis should change to bipolar affective disorder. The risk that a patient with recurrent depressive disorder will have an episode of mania never disappears completely, however many depressive episodes he or she has experienced. Individual episodes of any severity are often precipitated by stressful life events in many cultures, both individual episodes and persistent depression are twice as common in women as in men. Recovery is usually complete between episodes, but a minority of patients may develop a persistent depression, mainly in old age (for which this category should still be used). Individual episodes also last between 3 and 12 months (median duration about 6 months) but recur less frequently. In general, the first episode occurs later than in bipolar disorder, with a mean age of onset in the fifth decade. The age of onset and the severity, duration, and frequency of the episodes of depression are all highly variable. However, the category should still be used if there is evidence of brief episodes of mild mood elevation and overactivity which fulfill the criteria of hypomania immediately after a depressive episode (sometimes apparently precipitated by treatment of a depression). The disorder is characterized by repeated episodes of depression as specified in depressive episode (mild, moderate, or severe), without any history of independent episodes of mood elevation and overactivity that fulfill the criteria of mania. ![]() The Diagnostic Criteria of Major Depression as defined by the ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders (World Health Organization, Geneva, 1992) F33 Recurrent Depressive Disorder ![]()
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